Resources:
https://gruffdba.wordpress.com/2013/07/10/oracle-12cr1-12-1-0-1-2-node-rac-on-centos-6-4-on-vmware-workstation-9-introduction/
http://oracle-base.com/articles/12c/oracle-db-12cr1-rac-installation-on-oracle-linux-6-using-virtualbox.php
http://www.unixmen.com/dns-server-installation-step-by-step-using-centos-6-3/
rac1 rac2
---------------- --------------------
HDD 40GB 40GB
eth0 1.0.2.5 1.0.2.6 vment2 Host-Only
eth1 1.0.3.5 1.0.3.6 vmnet3 Host-Only
eth2 1.0.8.5 1.0.8.6 vmnet8 Nat
- install OS CentOS 6.4 64-bit
http://oracle-base.com/articles/linux/oracle-linux-6-installation.php
Desktop Environments > GNOME Desktop Environment
Applications > Editors
Applications > Graphical Internet
Development > Development Libraries
Development > Development Tools
Servers > Server Configuration Tools
Base System > Administration Tools
Base System > Base
Base System > System Tools
Base System > X Window System
- install VirtualBox additions
chmod +x ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
- install Packages using local yum repo
cd /etc/yum.repo.d/ mkdir oldrepo mv ./* oldrepo vim dvd.repo [dvd] name=dvd baseurl=file:///media/CentOS_6.4_Final gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 yum clean all yum makecache yum repolist
- install required packages for oracle RAC installation
yum install binutils -y yum install compat-libcap1 -y yum install compat-libstdc++-33 -y yum install compat-libstdc++-33.i686 -y yum install gcc -y yum install gcc-c++ -y yum install glibc -y yum install glibc.i686 -y yum install glibc-devel -y yum install glibc-devel.i686 -y yum install ksh -y yum install libgcc -y yum install libgcc.i686 -y yum install libstdc++ -y yum install libstdc++.i686 -y yum install libstdc++-devel -y yum install libstdc++-devel.i686 -y yum install libaio -y yum install libaio.i686 -y yum install libaio-devel -y yum install libaio-devel.i686 -y yum install libXext -y yum install libXext.i686 -y yum install libXtst -y yum install libXtst.i686 -y yum install libX11 -y yum install libX11.i686 -y yum install libXau -y yum install libXau.i686 -y yum install libxcb -y yum install libxcb.i686 -y yum install libXi -y yum install libXi.i686 -y yum install make -y yum install sysstat -y yum install unixODBC -y yum install unixODBC-devel -y cd / eject
- Amend the hostname in the "/etc/sysconfig/network" file.
vim /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes NETWORKING_IPV6=no HOSTNAME=rac1.example.com
- Enter following data to “/ect/hosts”, comment rac-scan must be resolv by DNS server
vim /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost # Public 1.0.2.5 rac1.example.com rac1 1.0.2.6 rac2.example.com rac2 # Private 1.0.3.5 rac1-priv.example.com rac1-priv 1.0.3.6 rac2-priv.example.com rac2-priv # Virtual 1.0.2.11 rac1-vip.example.com rac1-vip 1.0.2.12 rac2-vip.example.com rac2-vip # SCAN #1.0.2.15 rac-scan.example.com rac-scan #1.0.2.16 rac-scan.example.com rac-scan #1.0.2.17 rac-scan.example.com rac-scan
- Edit "/etc/resolv.conf" file in clients in rac1, rac2
vim /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 1.0.2.5 nameserver 1.0.2.6 nameserver 8.8.8.8 search example.com
- edit Network Additions for DNS Server in rac1, rac2ifcfg-eth2
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 >> PEERDNS=no vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 >> PEERDNS=no vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2 >> PEERDNS=no
- Linux Kernel Parameters for Oracle 11gR2 on RHEL 5, Edit the /etc/sysctl.conf and add following lines:
vim /etc/sysctl.conf # added for Oracle 12cR1 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 3221225472 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 6815744 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048576- Now execute “sysctl -p” command to apply the new settings:
/sbin/sysctl -p
- Edit the /etc/security/limits.conf file and add following lines:
vim /etc/security/limits.conf # added for Oracle 12cR1 oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 oracle hard stack 10240
- Edit the /etc/pam.d/login file and add following line:
vim /etc/pam.d/login # added for Oracle 12cR1 session required pam_limits.so
- To make the change permanent, modify the /etc/sysconfig/selinux change value of SELINUX variable to disabled:
vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux SELINUX=disabled
- To permanently disable the firewall we will disable the service:
service iptables stop chkconfig iptables off
- create the user oracle account and the OS groups:
groupadd dba groupadd oper groupadd oinstall groupadd asmdba groupadd asmadmin useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba,asmadmin oracle passwd oracle
- Create the directories in which the Oracle software will be installed.
mkdir -p /u01/app/12102/grid mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12102/db_1 chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01/
- Login as the "oracle" user and add the following lines at the end of the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file.
vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile # Oracle Settings export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac1.example.com export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdbrac.example.com export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export GRID_HOME=/u01/app/12102/grid export DB_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12102/db_1 export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME export ORACLE_SID=cdbrac1 export ORACLE_TERM=xterm export BASE_PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib alias grid_env='. /home/oracle/grid_env' alias db_env='. /home/oracle/db_env'
- Create a file called "/home/oracle/grid_env" with the following contents.
vim /home/oracle/grid_env export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 export ORACLE_HOME=$GRID_HOME export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
- Create a file called "/home/oracle/db_env" with the following contents.
vim /home/oracle/db_env export ORACLE_SID=cdbrac1 export ORACLE_HOME=$DB_HOME export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$BASE_PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
##################### clone Virtual Machine rac1 to rac2 #######################
- in rac1 after poweroff click Edit Virtual Machine Settings > Add > Hard Disk > SCSI >
- Create New Virtual Disk > Space 20 GB, Check Allocate All disk Space now ,
- Store Virtual Disks As Single file > Finish
- from settings > Advanced > select SCSI 1:0 Indepedent , Persisent > Close
- Add same disk to rac2
- edit .vmx file for rac1, rac2
- $ vim /data/vmware/rac121-node1/rac121-node1.vmx (in phyiscal machine) disk.EnableUUID = "TRUE" disk.locking = "FALSE" diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096" diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0" scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
after this line in .vmx file
replay.supported = "FALSE"
- $ vim /data/vmware/rac121-node2/rac121-node2.vmx (in phyiscal machine) add theses lines
disk.EnableUUID = "TRUE" disk.locking = "FALSE" diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0" diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096" diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0" scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
after this line in .vmx file
replay.supported = "FALSE"
################ edit changes after clone rac1 to rac2 (in rac2) #################
- Amend the hostname in the "/etc/sysconfig/network" file.
vim /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=rac2.example.com
- Edit the "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0, eth1 to change ip address for rac2
eth0 1.0.2.6 255.255.255.0 internal Network eth1 1.0.3.6 255.255.255.0 internal Network eth2 1.0.8.6 255.255.255.0 1.0.8.2 nat
- Edit the "/home/oracle/.bash_profile" file on the "rac2" node to correct the ORACLE_SID and ORACLE_HOSTNAME values.
ORACLE_SID=cdbrac2; export ORACLE_SID ORACLE_HOSTNAME=rac2.example.com; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
- Also, amend the ORACLE_SID setting in the "/home/oracle/db_env" and "/home/oracle/grid_env" files.
- Create a file called "/home/oracle/grid_env" with the following contents.
vim /home/oracle/grid_env ORACLE_SID=+ASM2; export ORACLE_SID
- edit a file called "/home/oracle/db_env" with the following contents.
vim /home/oracle/db_env ORACLE_SID=cdbrac2; export ORACLE_SID
############### Configure Shared Disks and UDEV rules ###############
-Use the "fdisk" command to partition the disks sdb to sde in rac1.
fdisk /dev/sdb > n > p > 1 > w
- Add the following to the "/etc/scsi_id.config" file to configure SCSI devices as trusted. Create the file if it doesn't already exist.
/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/sdb 36000c29552c32294599f95242522e11a
- Using these values above, edit the "/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules" in rac1
vim /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c29552c32294599f95242522e11a", NAME="asm-disk1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
- start UDEV and list shared disks in rac1
/sbin/start_udev ls -al /dev/asm*
- just refersh disk table and add rules in rac2
fdisk /dev/sdb > u > p > w
- Edit "/etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules" file
vim /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracleasm.rules KERNEL=="sd?1", BUS=="scsi", PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_id -g -u -d /dev/$parent", RESULT=="36000c29552c32294599f95242522e11a", NAME="asm-disk1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="asmadmin", MODE="0660"
- start UDEV and list shared disks in rac2
/sbin/start_udev ls -al /dev/asm*
############ install NTP server #################
1.0.2.5 rac1.example.com NTP Server 1.0.2.6 rac6.example.com NTP Server
- NTP Server configure in rac1, rac2 same steps
chkconfig ntpd on
- Edit "/etc/ntp.conf" file
vim /etc/ntp.conf restrict 1.0.2.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap server 1.0.2.5 server 1.0.2.6 fudge 1.0.2.6 stratum 10 driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift keys /etc/ntp/keys
- Edit /etc/sysconfig/ntpd file:
vim /etc/sysconfig/ntpd
OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g"
SYNC_HWCLOCK=no
chown ntp:ntp /etc/ntp
/etc/init.d/ntpd restart
ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
rac1.example.co .INIT. 16 u - 1024 0 0.000 0.000 0.000
rac2.example.co .INIT. 16 u 592 1024 0 0.000 0.000 0.000
############# DNS Master & Slave Server configuration #################
1.0.2.5 rac1.example.com DNS Master 1.0.2.6 rac2.example.com DNS Slave
############ DNS Master configuration (rac1) ################
yum install -y bind bind-libs bind-utils
- Edit main DNS file "named.conf"
vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 1.0.2.5; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { 1.0.2.0/24; };
allow-transfer { 1.0.2.6;};
recursion yes;
dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside auto;
bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "example.com." IN {
type master;
file "example.fwd";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "2.0.1.in-addr.arpa." IN {
type master;
file "example.rev";
allow-update { none; };
};
include "/etc/named.root.key";
- Create "example.fwd" and "example.rev" files:
cd /var/named/ cp -v localdomain.zone example.fwd cp -v named.local example.rev
- Edit "/var/named/example.fwd" to set forward zone
vim /var/named/example.fwd
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA rac1.example.com. root.rac1.example.com. (
2011071001 ;Serial
3600 ;Refresh
1800 ;Retry
604800 ;Expire
86400 ;Minimum TTL
)
@ IN NS rac1.example.com.
@ IN NS rac2.example.com.
@ IN A 1.0.2.5
@ IN A 1.0.2.6
@ IN A 1.0.2.11
@ IN A 1.0.2.12
@ IN A 1.0.2.15
@ IN A 1.0.2.16
@ IN A 1.0.2.17
rac1 IN A 1.0.2.5
rac2 IN A 1.0.2.6
rac1-vip IN A 1.0.2.11
rac2-vip IN A 1.0.2.12
rac-scan IN A 1.0.2.15
rac-scan IN A 1.0.2.16
rac-scan IN A 1.0.2.17
- Edit "/var/named/example.rev" to set reverse zone
vim /var/named/example.rev
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA rac1.example.com. root.rac1.example.com. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
@ IN NS rac1.example.com.
@ IN NS rac2.example.com.
@ IN PTR example.com.
rac1 IN A 1.0.2.5
rac2 IN A 1.0.2.6
rac1-vip IN A 1.0.2.11
rac2-vip IN A 1.0.2.12
rac-scan IN A 1.0.2.15
rac-scan IN A 1.0.2.16
rac-scan IN A 1.0.2.17
5 IN PTR rac1.example.com.
6 IN PTR rac2.example.com.
11 IN PTR rac1-vip.example.com.
12 IN PTR rac2-vip.example.com.
15 IN PTR rac-scan.example.com.
16 IN PTR rac-scan.example.com.
17 IN PTR rac-scan.example.com.
- change chroot premission to "named" group
chgrp named /etc/named.conf chgrp named /var/named/example.fwd chgrp named /var/named/example.rev
- Test DNS configuration and zone files for any syntax errors
named-checkconf /etc/named.conf named-checkzone example.com /var/named/example.fwd named-checkzone example.com /var/named/example.rev
############### Configure Slave DNS Server ##############
yum install -y bind bind-libs bind-utils
- Edit main DNS file "named.conf"
vim /var/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { 1.0.2.6; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
allow-query { 1.0.2.0/24; };
recursion yes;
dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside auto;
bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";
managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "example.com." IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/example.fwd";
allow-update { none; };
masters { 1.0.2.5; };
};
zone "2.0.1.in-addr.arpa." IN {
type slave;
file "slaves/example.rev";
allow-update { none; };
masters { 1.0.2.5; };
};
include "/etc/named.root.key";
- restart DNS server in rac1, rac2
/etc/init.d/named restart
- Verfiy DNS Server working in rac1, rac2
dig rac1.example.com dig rac2.example.com dig -x 1.0.2.5 dig -x 1.0.2.6 nslookup rac1 nslookup rac2 nslookup rac1-vip nslookup rac2-vip nslookup rac-scan
############### install grid software ##################
- Extract grid software to rac1 and extract it to gird as user oracle
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ cd /media/CDROM/ [oracle@rac1 ~]$ unzip -d /tmp/ ./linuxamd64_12102_grid_1of2.zip [oracle@rac1 ~]$ unzip -d /tmp/ ./linuxamd64_12102_grid_2of2.zip [oracle@rac1 ~]$ unzip -d /tmp/ ./linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip [oracle@rac1 ~]$ unzip -d /tmp/ ./linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
- set up password sharing:
cd /tmp/grid/sshsetup/ ./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "rac1 rac2" -noPromptPassphrase -confirm -advanced - runcluvfy.sh script is used to ensure your cluster is ready for the grid install cd grid ./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst -n rac1,rac2 ./runInstaller
################## install database software ##################
cd /tmp/database/ ./runInstaller
################# Verify RAC installation ###################
srvctl config database -d cdbrac srvctl status database -d cdbrac srvctl status listener srvctl status asm sqlplus as sysdba SELECT inst_name FROM v$active_instances;
################# shutdown RAC database ######################
srvctl stop database -d cdbrac srvctl stop instance -d cdbrac -i cdbrac1,cdbrac2 srvctl stop asm -n rac1 -o immediate
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